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| JR. CAMANA 780 - OF. 606 |
| LIMA-PERU |
| PHONE: 426-0245 (24 hours) |
| PHONE: 779-9124 |
| CLARO: 99711-9999 |
| MOVISTAR: 98841-8500 |
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GEOGRAPHY
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Approximately five hundred years ago, when Europe found in its road the American coasts, to a large extent of the territory that today they occupy the countries of the Andean region came itself giving an energetic process of development and integration, gestated by one of the largest civilizations of the world, the Inca. |
The Inca empire was the most important state of the American history and its impossible creation to have turned out without the road system that served for the transportation, the communications and the administration.
The formal roads in the Andean region
charge a special importance if is compared them with the of other companies. By this the first European praised repeatedly the Inca roads and they found them over those of Europe of the century XVI. |
ARCHITECTURE
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The stone was the most important material to build the structures of the Inca, but had also another great meaning. The stone was very important in the history of the creation of the Inca. Inside the stone the spirit lived or to be able that had the capacity to be become man or vice turns. By this reason the Inca they worshipped the stones and they appreciated the current substance instead of what I am would be able to build with stones. |
For example, "pre-colombian tombs" or sacred stones appear in the history of the creation. When all the brothers of Invalid Capac became stones, the remainders were you considered as pre-colombian tombs. Governess Auca, the third brother of Capac was renowned Cuzco pre-colombian tomb and he was he, the one that took care of the field of Cuzco. Also, during the war against the enemies of the Inca, known as "Grinding," one of the most powerful governors of the empire, Pachacutec, he prayed to the God, and the stones were transformed into a force of soldiers and that defeated to the Grinding. This respect by the stone and its powers gave rise to its control and skill with the bricklaying. They used stones of unusual sizes and they hit them without no adhesive to do walls; the stones were so well situated that a sheet of paper could not be put among these. The surface was carved smooth and without right angles so that to seem that they were alive.
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Machu Pichu
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Many example of the work in stone they can be seen in Machu Picchu, "The city loss of the Inca." This old city is situated over a mountain of 8,000 feet of height, and is practicamente in the form that was when they lived there the Inca. Because of their height and locating, the Spanish conquerors never found Machu Picchu. |
During centuries, Machu Picchu remained hidden under a thick cloak of vegetation, surrounded by mountains of singular beauty and practically hanging on the Tube of the Urubamba, until in 1911 the professor Hiram Bingham, of the University of Yale, came upon her almost by coincidence, while sought Vilcabamba, the last refuge of the Inca after the arrival of the Spaniards. |
Sacsayhuaman
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Another example of the aptitude that had the Inca with stones is Sacsayhuaman. The Inca they described Cuzco as a puma or a lion of the mountains with Sacsayhuaman like their head. The old fortress in Cuzco was possibly a store that contained things as you arm, clothes, and large quantities of jewels, gold and silver. |
It is very probable that delayed several generations in finishing this immense structure that shows a fine and very delicate work of stones in the walls. |
AGRICULTURE
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The not alone Inca were experts carving stones, but also they developed a system of irrigation to conquer the environmental difficulties that faced them. The Andes, a region of steep slopes and inadequate land for the agriculture, they were a challenge to the Inca. To conquer these difficult conditions, the Inca did some terraces along the mountains. |
To water their crops, they changed the route of the rivers for having channels for the terraces. This innovation was so successful that many of those terraces still exist and they are in use today. Upon being the Andes a predominantly agricultural company, the Inca knew to take advantage of to the maximum the floor, conquering the adversities that the Andean earthly injured offered them and the inclemencies of the climate. The adaptation of agricultural techniques that already they were employed before in different parts, permitted the Inca to organize the production of diverse products, so much of the coast, saw and forest, to be able to redistribute them to towns that did not have access to other regions. The technological achievements, reached to agricultural level, they had not been possible without the labor force that was found at the disposal of the Inca, as well as the road network that permitted to store adequate the resources already harvested and to distribute them for all its territory.
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Arts
METAL WORK
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The dedication shown toward the work of stones also is seen in the Inca sculpture. They molded and they carved in great scale, producing buildings as the sacred Temple of the Sun in Cuzco, but also they carried out many smaller works. In the epoch of the conquest, the archivists described the extraordinary statues and done sculptures of gold and silver, but unfortunately few they exist today because the Spaniards melted them. Alone there are some figurines still, and many of these were buried next to the dead persons as tributes or used in religious ceremonies like this flame. Silver or of gold, these figures were used to being dresses completely, almost covering completely the precious metal. |
So much as their beliefs in the stones, the Inca believed that the use of metals was a very important factor. |
TEXTILE WORK
The weaving was another art with a lot meaning for the Inca. Similar to their government, the weavings very well were organized. Using geometric designs and brilliant colors as decoration, the weavings were worth a lot. Besides, the commerce was based on the exchange of weavings. Some of the weavings they had marked certain events, which could be interpreted like a form of writing
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